Data Science – Short Answers

Questions & Answers

1. What does NLP stand for, and what does it do?

Answer:

NLP stands for Natural Language Processing. It is a branch of Artificial Intelligence that enables computers to understand, process and respond to human language.

Example: Voice assistants can understand spoken questions and provide appropriate responses using NLP.

2. What is quantitative data?

Answer:

Quantitative data is numerical data that represents quantities and can be measured or counted.

Examples: A student's height, the number of books in a library, temperature, and marks obtained in a test.

3. What is the role of data science?

Answer:

Data science helps us collect, organise, analyse and interpret data to discover useful patterns, make predictions and support better decision-making.

Example: A school can analyse students' performance data to identify learning patterns and provide appropriate support.

4. What is the difference between ordinal and nominal data?

Answer:

Nominal data consists of categories that have no natural order, whereas ordinal data consists of categories that have a meaningful order or ranking.

Type	Meaning	Example
Nominal	Categories without an order.	Colours: Red, Blue, Green
Ordinal	Categories with an order or ranking.	Ratings: Poor, Good, Excellent

5. State one way in which data science is used in healthcare.

Answer:

Data science is used in healthcare to analyse patient and medical data to help identify diseases and support diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Example: Data from medical tests and patient records can be analysed to identify patterns that may help doctors detect a disease earlier.

Quick Revision

Concept	Key Point
NLP	Helps computers work with human language.
Quantitative Data	Numerical data that can be counted or measured.
Data Science	Uses data to discover patterns, make predictions and support decisions.
Nominal Data	Categorical data without a meaningful order.
Ordinal Data	Categorical data with a meaningful order or ranking.
Healthcare	Data science can support diagnosis, prediction and healthcare decision-making.

Key Terms

Artificial Intelligence (AI): Technology that enables computers to perform tasks that normally require aspects of human intelligence.

Data: Facts, observations or measurements collected for a particular purpose.

Data Science: An interdisciplinary field that uses data, statistics, computing and analytical methods to extract useful information and insights.

Natural Language Processing: A field of AI concerned with enabling computers to process and understand human language.