Short Answer Type Questions

Communication Skills • Self-Management Skills • English Grammar • Computer Fundamentals

Question 1

What do you understand by the phrase "Barriers to Effective Communication"?

Answer

Barriers to effective communication are obstacles that prevent a message from being communicated, received or understood correctly.

Examples include language differences, noise, poor listening, unclear messages, emotional states, cultural differences, assumptions and inappropriate use of communication channels.

Question 2

Define non-verbal communication. List the main elements of non-verbal communication.

Answer

Non-verbal communication is the exchange of information or expression of feelings without relying primarily on words.

Main elements include:

  • Facial expressions
  • Eye contact
  • Gestures
  • Posture
  • Body movements
  • Appearance
  • Personal space
  • Voice qualities such as tone, pitch, pace and volume

Question 3

Define verbal communication. What are the two forms of verbal communication?

Answer

Verbal communication is the exchange of information, ideas or feelings through words.

The two main forms of verbal communication are:

  1. Oral communication — communication through spoken words.
  2. Written communication — communication through written words.

Question 4

Enlist the factors affecting perspective in communication.

Answer

A person's perspective in communication can be affected by several factors, including:

  • Past experiences
  • Personal beliefs and values
  • Attitudes
  • Emotions and mood
  • Knowledge and education
  • Cultural background
  • Family and social environment
  • Personal interests and expectations
  • Assumptions and preconceived ideas

Question 5

What are prepositions? Explain with the help of an example.

Answer

A preposition is a word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun with another word in a sentence. It can indicate relationships such as place, time, direction or position.

Example:

The book is on the table.

Here, "on" is a preposition that shows the relationship between the book and the table.

Other common prepositions include in, at, under, over, beside, between, from, to and with.

Question 6

Write one sentence of each type — statement, question, exclamatory and order.

Answer

Type Example
Statement The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Question Where are you going?
Exclamatory What a beautiful painting!
Order / Imperative Please close the door.

Question 7

What is the importance of experience in building self-confidence?

Answer

Experience helps build self-confidence because it gives a person opportunities to practise skills, solve problems and learn from mistakes.

As a person successfully handles different situations, their competence and belief in their own abilities can increase. Even unsuccessful experiences can contribute to confidence when they are used as opportunities for learning and improvement.

Question 8

"Lack of self-confidence puts one in a vicious cycle." Comment and support your answer with an example.

Answer

A lack of self-confidence can create a cycle in which a person avoids challenging situations because they fear failure. Avoiding such situations reduces opportunities for practice and success, which can further weaken confidence.

Example:

Suppose a student lacks confidence in public speaking. The student avoids participating in presentations and therefore gets little practice. When another presentation arises, the lack of practice may make the student feel even less prepared and confident.

The cycle can be interrupted by setting small achievable goals, practising regularly, learning from mistakes and gradually taking on more challenging tasks.

Question 9

What role does parental attitude play in building one's self-confidence?

Answer

Parental attitudes can strongly influence a child's self-confidence. Supportive parents who listen, encourage effort, recognise progress and allow children to learn from mistakes can help develop a healthy sense of self-belief.

In contrast, excessive criticism, constant comparison or unrealistic expectations may negatively affect confidence. Parents should provide guidance and constructive feedback while allowing children appropriate independence and responsibility.

Question 10

Draw a contrast between attitudes of people with low and high self-confidence.

Answer

Low Self-Confidence High Self-Confidence
Often doubts their abilities. Has reasonable belief in their abilities.
May avoid challenging tasks because of fear of failure. Is generally willing to take on appropriate challenges.
May be highly dependent on others' approval. Can make decisions independently while considering useful feedback.
May view mistakes as proof of inability. Can treat mistakes as opportunities for learning.
May hesitate to express ideas. Usually expresses ideas clearly and respectfully.
May give up easily after setbacks. Usually persists and tries alternative approaches.
May compare themselves negatively with others. Focuses more on personal growth and improvement.
Important: Healthy self-confidence is not the same as believing that one is always correct or superior to others. It involves having a realistic understanding of one's strengths and limitations.

Question 11

What are the three components of a CPU?

Answer

The three commonly taught components of a CPU are:

  1. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs arithmetic and logical operations.
  2. Control Unit (CU): Directs and coordinates the execution of instructions.
  3. Registers: Small, high-speed storage locations within the processor used to hold data, instructions or addresses temporarily.

Question 12

Define register.

Answer

A register is a very small and high-speed storage location inside the CPU that temporarily holds data, instructions, addresses or intermediate results required during processing.

Question 13

Name two types of primary memory.

Answer

The two commonly taught types of primary memory are:

  1. RAM — Random Access Memory
  2. ROM — Read-Only Memory

Question 14

Which unit is used to measure the speed of a CPU?

Answer

CPU clock speed is commonly measured in hertz (Hz), usually expressed in gigahertz (GHz) for modern processors.

For example, a processor with a clock speed of 3.5 GHz has a clock frequency of 3.5 billion cycles per second.

Question 15

Define desktop.

Answer

A desktop is the main graphical workspace displayed by an operating system after a user logs in. It commonly contains icons, shortcuts, windows and a taskbar or similar interface elements used to access applications, files and system functions.

Question 16

Define system software.

Answer

System software is software that manages computer hardware and provides a platform and essential services for application software to run.

Examples:
  • Operating systems such as Windows and Linux
  • Device drivers
  • System utilities
  • Firmware

Question 17

Name two types of impact printers.

Answer

Two common types of impact printers are:

  1. Dot Matrix Printer
  2. Line Printer

Impact printers produce characters or images by physically striking an inked ribbon against paper.

Question 18

What is Recycle Bin?

Answer

The Recycle Bin is a special location in Windows where files and folders that are normally deleted are temporarily stored.

A deleted item can generally be restored from the Recycle Bin to its original location. When the Recycle Bin is emptied, the items are normally removed from it and cannot be restored through the ordinary Windows restore operation.

Quick Revision

Q. No. Key Answer
1 Barriers are obstacles that prevent messages from being communicated or understood effectively.
2 Non-verbal communication uses cues other than words, such as facial expressions, gestures, posture and eye contact.
3 Verbal communication uses words; its two forms are oral and written communication.
4 Perspective can be affected by experiences, beliefs, values, emotions, culture, knowledge and expectations.
5 A preposition shows a relationship between a noun/pronoun and another word.
6 Statement, question, exclamatory and imperative/order sentences.
7 Experience provides practice, learning opportunities and evidence of capability.
8 Avoidance caused by low confidence can reduce practice and reinforce low confidence.
9 Supportive and constructive parental attitudes can help develop healthy self-confidence.
10 High self-confidence involves realistic self-belief, persistence and willingness to learn.
11 ALU, Control Unit and Registers.
12 A register is a small, high-speed storage location inside the CPU.
13 RAM and ROM.
14 Hertz (Hz), commonly GHz for modern CPUs.
15 The desktop is the main graphical workspace of an operating system.
16 Software that manages hardware and provides essential services for applications.
17 Dot Matrix Printer and Line Printer.
18 A temporary storage location for normally deleted files and folders in Windows.